假然契约与纯粹程序正义:走进罗尔斯的正义世界

罗尔斯在建构他的作为公平的正义世界的时候采取了两大策略:一是契约论,他认为他的假然契约论可以在避免古典契约论弊端的同时更好地用于解决正义问题,而且它所达到的效果是功利主义无法比拟的;二是程序正义,罗尔斯认为通过这种纯粹的程序正义就可以实现对他的正义两原则的选择,进而完成作为公平正义世界的建构.     

论凯尔森纯粹法理论的基本概念

在凯尔森所创立的纯粹法理论中 ,基本概念的界定已经成为其理论的核心和关键所在。通过对“法律规范”这一基本概念进行严格界定 ,凯尔森不仅自圆其说地阐明了法律学科的独立性与独特性 ,建立了具有原创性的学理思想 ,而且推动了学术研究的进一步深入。     

正常人听性脑干电反应测试及其客观听阀研究

本文对50例听力正常人的ABR测试结果进行了分析，并结合纯音测听对客观听阈值作出估价。结果表明，各波潜伏期，峰间期在正常范围占受试者总数的96％；纯音0．5K～2KHZ平均听阈，3KHZ听阈与ABR波V反应阈比较相差15分贝。用波V反应阈估价0．5K～2KHZ听力状况，可根据不同年龄酌减10～20分贝，使检测结果更加接近生活语言实际听力阈值。     

从语气角度看英语政治演讲中人际功能的实现

目前,英语政治演讲在国内和国际事务中起着举足轻重的地位,而演讲语言也日益成为人们研究的重点。以韩礼德的语言三大元功能之一的人际功能为理论框架,从自建演讲语篇语料库中抽样选出20篇英语政治演讲为研究样本,从语气系统角度,根据演讲者所充当的提供信息和要求行动的言语角色,探究英语政治演讲中人际功能实现的语言学特点,从而提高英语演讲和英语交际能力。     

Does the Electoral System Foster a Predominant Party System? Evidence from Turkey

This paper discusses the role of the electoral system in making the Justice and Development Party (AKP) dominant. Drawing on Sartori’s framework, we first clarify the concept of a predominant party system. Second, we examine the impact of the electoral system on the emergence of a predominant party system in Turkey. Analysing election results, we argue that the electoral system fosters dominance in three ways. First, a combination of electoral formula, national threshold and district threshold leads to over‐representation of large parties and under‐representation of small ones. Second, the fear of a wasted vote due to the high threshold prompts voters to support their second‐best option, which concentrates the votes among large parties. Finally, the electoral system increases electoral turnout rates by extending polarization.     

Cost of ruling as a game of tones: The accumulation of bad news and incumbents’ vote loss

An extensive body of research documents how governing parties generally suffer electoral defeats. Varying explanations have been offered, most of which touch upon the liabilities of policy responsibility. Although media coverage is generally acknowledged as one of these liabilities, few empirical studies have examined how news content affect government support. Based on the fact that voters get their information about politics, policies and societal issues from the media, this article studies how the constant stream of negative news influences incumbent support over a 20-year period in Denmark. Modeling a previously untested argument on the cost of ruling, it shows that the accumulation of bad news throughout tenure exerts a substantial effect on government support.     

Status of Mandibular Third Molar Development as Evidence in Legal Age Threshold Cases

The completion of the third molar roots has played an important role in ascertaining whether individuals may be at or over a legal threshold of age, often taken as 18 years. This study demonstrates that root apex completion in the third molar is relatively uninformative regarding the threshold of age 18 years in a sample of 1184 males, where mean age‐of‐attainment of root apex completion for third mandibular molars is about 19.4 years. This paper also considers the legal age threshold problem for cases where the third mandibular molar is not completely formed, and outlines the use of parametric models and Bayes’ factors to evaluate dental evidence in statistically appropriate ways. It attempts to resolve confusion over age‐within‐stage versus age‐of‐attainment, likelihood ratios versus other diagnostic tests, and prior odds for a case versus the prior density for an age distribution.     

Abolition and pedagogy: reflections on teaching a course on alternatives to punishment,state repression and social control

Abolitionism is an important, but often overlooked, theoretical and political alternative to the failings and injustices of the penal system and other forms of social control. While many have documented different approaches to abolitionist strategy, few have explored the work that is done sensitizing individuals to abolitionism, including in university settings. Through an analysis of student journal entries, this study discusses how students enrolled in a mandatory abolition course engaged with the viability of, and barriers to, a world without prisons, punishment and other forms of control. By looking at abolition as a threshold concept, we consider how students negotiate the concept of abolition as a radical justice alternative. As the journal entries showed, while students were able to understand the basic tenets of abolition, many remained in a liminal state between the existing system and the unknown landscape of abolition, and could not see its viability or possibility as a radical alternative. We conclude that other learning strategies may have been helpful in moving student through such a ‘dangerous’ concept. Further research on sensitising individuals to abolition is needed given the current proliferation and intensification of penal and carceral institutions today.     

新诗创作理论的探索——论中国象征主义诗歌理论的建设

中国象征主义诗歌是中国新诗创作流派中的一支,从20世纪20年代中期以李金发、王独清、穆木天为代表的初期象征派,到30年代以戴望舒为代表的现代派,短短几年,在中国现代诗歌史上占据了重要的一席。